用链式法则求下列复合函数的偏导数或导数,并将中间变量代入复合函数后再对自变量求导来验证所得的结果:
(1)设z=x/y,x=et,y=lnt
(2)设z=x2y-xy2,x=rcosθ,y=rsinθ;
(3)设z=ulnυ,u=y/x,υ=3y-2x;
(4)设z=eu,u=xsiny.
(1) ∂z/∂x=1/y,∂z/∂y=-x/y2,dx/dt=et,dy/dt=1/t dz/dt=1/lnt•et-et/ln2t•1/t=et(tlnt-1)/tln2t (2) ∂z/∂x=2xy-y2,∂z/∂y=x2-2xy,∂x/∂r=cosθ,∂x/∂θ=-rsinθ,∂y/∂r=sinθ, ∂y/∂θ=rcosθ ∴∂z/∂r=∂z/∂x•∂x/∂r+∂z/∂y•∂y/∂r =(2rcosθ•rsinθ-r2sin2θ=0)•cosθ+(r2cos2θ-2r2cosθsinθ)sinθ =3r2sinθcosθ(cosθ-sinθ) ∂z/∂θ=∂z/∂x•∂x/∂θ+∂z/∂y•∂y/∂θ =(2r2cosθsinθ-r2sinθ)•(-rsinθ)+(r2cos